In July 2020, FBI Director Christopher A. officials prevented a Chinese man from shipping a new, high-speed computer used in classified projects (including nuclear-weapons development) from Sandia National Laboratories. Between October 2002 and January 2003 five Chinese businessmen were accused of illegally shipping equipment and trade secrets from California to China, and U.S. In 2021, Acting NCSC Director Michael Orlando estimated that China stole between $200 billion and $600 billion worth of American intellectual property every year. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials rating China's industrial-espionage and theft operations as the leading threat to U.S. Ĭhina also accesses foreign technology through industrial espionage, with U.S. China also uses state-run firms to purchase American companies with access to the targeted technology. Chinese agents purchase high-tech equipment through front organizations in Hong Kong. The regulatory and commercial environment in China pressures American and other foreign companies to transfer technology, capital and manufacturing expertise, especially in defense-related or dual-use industries such as computers, to their Chinese partners as part of doing business in China's huge, lucrative markets. Much technology acquisition occurs through commerce and commercial regulations. Chinese citizens may be coerced to cooperate. Chinese travelers are recruited to carry out specific intelligence activities, and China debriefs returnees from exchange programs, trade missions and scientific-cooperation programs. Individuals attempt to obtain targeted information from open sources such as libraries, research institutions and unclassified databases. Ĭhina has used a variety of methods to gather intelligence in the United States. law enforcement officials have identified China as the most active foreign power involved in the illegal acquisition of American technology. businesses and government agencies, such as the 2009 Operation Aurora and the 2015 Office of Personnel Management data breach. In addition to traditional espionage, China partners civilian-in-name Chinese companies with American businesses to acquire technology and economic data and uses cyber spying to penetrate the computer networks of U.S. Prominent espionage cases include Larry Wu-Tai Chin, Katrina Leung, Gwo-Bao Min, Chi Mak and Peter Lee. law to avoid prosecution), including espionage, exploitation of commercial entities, and a network of scientific, academic and business contacts. Chinese government agencies and affiliated personnel have been accused of using a number of methods to obtain U.S. companies in order to support China's long-term military and commercial development. military technology and classified information as well as trade secrets of U.S. The United States has often accused the government of the People's Republic of China of attempting to unlawfully acquire U.S. Department of Justice among others announced 23 criminal charges (Financial Fraud, Money Laundering, Conspiracy to Defraud the United States, Theft of Trade Secret Technology and Sanctions Violations, etc.) against Huawei and its CFO Wanzhou Meng
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